Interaction of very low-frequency primordial (relic) gravitational waves (GWs) to cosmic microwave background (CMB) can generate B-mode polarization.Here, for the first time we point out that the electromagnetic (EM) response to high-frequency GWs (HFGWs) would produce quasi-B-mode distribution of the perturbative photon fluxes.We study the duality
Machine learning (ML) has been successfully applied to classification tasks in many domains, including computer vision, cybersecurity, and communications.Although highly accurate classifiers have been developed, research shows that these classifiers are, in general, vulnerable to adversarial machine learning (AML) attacks.In one type of AML attack,
Hood Scoops As hunter-gatherers, humans used their sense of smell to identify plants and animals, to find their way within a foraging area, or to distinguish each other by gender, age, kinship, or social dominance.Because women gathered while men hunted, the sexes evolved different sensitivities to plant and animal odors.They also ended up emitting
Cyanobacterial Harmful Algal Blooms (CyanoHABs) occur when colonies of photosynthetic bacteria called cyanobacteria grow out of control, usually in warm, nutrient-rich, slow-moving waters.They are becoming increasingly prevalent around the world and release Travel Bottles harmful toxins called cyanotoxins into bodies of water, which negatively affe